Teaching and learning at university can take place either on campus or online. Classes will vary depending on your course and module, and will include a variation of lectures, seminars and practical sessions.
Whichever class you are attending, you will get the most from your class if you prepare beforehand, are actively engaged throughout the class and spend time reflecting after the session.
Preparation for your class starts with taking ownership of your own learning – what do you want to get out of the class? If you can answer this question, then you can focus your attention on what you need to do before attending the class.
Begin by checking your timetable on UniTimetables to find when and where your class will be located.
We recommend you review your module Blackboard a week before the scheduled class time.
Are there any preparation requirements specific to this type of class?
Will you need to arrive earlier than the scheduled time?
Do you need to make special travel arrangements for this class?
What do you already know about this topic?
What would you like to learn about in this topic?
What knowledge do you think you could gain from the class that will help you in your assignment?
Are there any pre-reading requirements?
Is there a discussion board that you have been asked to contribute to?
Are you expected to have your own access to these documents during class?
Would it be helpful to print any documents for note-taking during the class?
Reviewing content on Blackboard ahead of time will help you to plan for questions you may want to ask during the class, such as clarification on topics or terminology. Think about what you want answers to: are there any new terms that you are unfamiliar with? Do you understand how the recommended reading or theories within the reading apply to the class topic?
Listing questions before class can help you to focus your listening skills when you are actively seeking specific answers. If your questions are not answered by the end of the class, then you can ask your tutor while they are present.
Activity
Which of these activities would help you best prepare for class?
Check to see if the class will be online or in-person on campus
This is a very important step to know when and where your class will be so you can be ready and on time for class.
Look over your notes from the previous class
Reviewing your past notes can be helpful for refreshing ideas and discussions from a previous class, which may be referenced in your upcoming session.
Check your assignment brief
Your assignment brief will outline the knowledge you need for your assessment. You may want to take note of any key terms you are unsure of that may be explored in the class and/or highlight information that you want to listen for.
Make sure your phone is fully charged
Do you need your phone to participate in this class? You may need it to access online materials. However, a computer or tablet would be more appropriate for working.
Have a snack ready for when you have a break between classes
Preparing a snack might be good if you need an energy boost but try to avoid eating in class to prevent disturbing others in the room.
Have a list of questions ready for your tutor
Tutors love questions and coming prepared with even just one or two questions can benefit your learning. More on this below.
Finally, don’t panic if you haven’t had time to prepare for class, it is still important to attend to get the most from your learning at university. It is your opportunity to hear directly from your tutors, ask questions and engage with your peers which will help you to develop your knowledge needed for your subject and assignments.
Studying at Canterbury Christ Church University may be quite different to your previous experiences of learning. It can take a little while to adapt, and it is useful to know what is expected of you in class.
Although there are not university-wide rules about classroom etiquette, there are common themes. Classes are shared learning opportunities, so it is important to ensure that everyone can get the most out of the session. Some groups may develop their own “house rules” as a shared framework of expected behaviour.
Some important things to remember:
Being on time for the start of classes means that you won’t miss vital context, and that your arrival won’t disrupt anyone else’s engagement with the session. Make sure you know where your classes are and plan ahead for travel and other potential problems.
We all know that sometimes things happen – there is more traffic than usual, for instance, or you receive a call that genuinely cannot wait. If you are late, don’t worry, you will still be welcome to class but it is necessary to take a few steps:
Send your tutor an email to let them know you will be late
When you arrive, try not to disrupt the class by entering quietly and taking the nearest and most easily accessible seat without disturbing other students
Note the time of your arrival
Speak to the tutor at an appropriate time
However, please be aware that for some sessions on specific courses, it may not be possible to join once the class has started. Your tutor will make this clear before your class.
If you will need particular equipment (even something as simple as a notepad and pen), make sure you have it with you and ready to use – get it out at the start of the session so that you don’t have to dive into your bag part way through.
All classes are interactive in some way, though some will require more active engagement than others. You will get more out of the class if you are an active participant, but it is important to be mindful of the rest of the group. If you have already contributed a lot to a discussion, it may be appropriate to wait and allow others space to share their ideas before contributing again.
Phones and laptops can be useful in class, and some may actively require them. But turn sounds off and close any apps or programs that may cause a disruption such as email or social media notifications. It might help to put your device on aeroplane mode if the session doesn’t require an active internet connection.
All courses will expect you to be an active participant in class. It involves responding to and asking questions, engaging in discussion and debate, offering constructive comments, critiques and opinion, and contributing to group work. Participating in class has some enormous benefits to your learning as it helps you focus and understand the class content, build relationships with your classmates and develop confidence in a broader set of skills from discussion and debate to problem solving.
Tutors want to see that you are actively engaged in the course, and asking questions is a great way to demonstrate your eagerness to learn. The most obvious of these is asking for further clarification when you don’t understand. This not only benefits other students who likely do not understand either but also helps your tutor know if you have understood the content and where they may need to provide more information.
Collaborative working can be challenging yet rewarding. It can help develop a bond with classmates, provide opportunities to learn from each other’s perspective and thinking, and assist in clarifying ideas raised in the class through peer discussion. It is also a valuable skill which you will continue to develop in employment and throughout your career, whether it is working as part of a team or with clients.
In class, you may be tasked with a group discussion or a debate. This will be facilitated by your tutor and may require you to come prepared with some pre-reading on the topic before class. Below are some helpful tips for effective group communication:
Some courses may ask you to take on another persona for an activity to put you in the mindset of another person and see things from another perspective. This is to develop your skills in viewing different sides of an argument so that you can make arguments from another point of view. It can sometimes be uncomfortable as you might not always agree with the position and opinion of the role you have been given. However, this is an important challenge that develops key skills in keeping an open mind and being able to see both sides or an argument, essential for our critical thinking.
Listening and hearing are not the same. Listening involves deep processing of audio-born information and relationships between sounds, meaning and the physical world. Effective listening skills are an asset which will assist you in all areas of your life, but in the academic world they are an essential part of your tool-kit, given that so much of your teaching is provided in a spoken format. It is also an important skill necessary for good note-taking when in class.
Good note-taking can lead to more efficient learning and study, better course outcomes, and, most significantly, better recall and retention of course material.
Simply, note-taking can help you to think, learn and remember information on your course. Very basic changes in your note-taking habits can remove much of the stress of revising, particularly if you get into the habit of regularly reviewing your notes as part of your note-taking strategy.
The most important thing to remember when you take class notes is that it is not a dictation exercise. Not everything your tutor says has the same degree of significance. If you devote all of your attention to writing down everything your lecturer says verbatim, you will quickly fall behind and often miss key information. This is where your listening skills pay a significant role, listening for the main points raised by your tutor; theories, research, debates, criticisms, controversies, methodologies etc.
There is no ‘best’ way to take notes in lectures but there are several proven techniques that can help you make lecture notes that support revision or writing projects. It doesn’t matter whether you use electronic methods to take your notes or the traditional pen and notebook. However, all good lecture notes depend on three things:
Activity
Watch the video below on different methods for taking notes in class.
Listen for the main ideas and take notes on the following:
When the video is finished, review your notes and decide which method you think is best for you.
Remember, there is no one correct note-taking technique and some methods work better for some subjects than other. Think about how you learn and absorb academic information. For example, some people recall visual information better than text. Using drawings or mind maps might be more effective in such cases.
Two of the Microsoft apps you have free access to through your University Office 365 account are OneNote and OneDrive. These can make taking, organising and storing your notes faster, more flexible and more secure.
OneNote works on PCs, tablets and mobile phones. It will synchronise across all the devices on which it is installed, and your notes can automatically be uploaded to your OneDrive which will keep them safely for you to access whenever you need them. You can even upload your lecturers' slideshows into it from Blackboard and keep notes alongside the slides. These tools can be downloaded for free via the CCCU Apps store using your CCCU login.
Following up after class can be just as important as the work you do before and during the session. Reflecting on the information and your learning experience, can help you to process and retain the key points of the class.
Start by looking back at your notes from the class. Correct any errors, highlight any important points and elaborate on anything that you didn’t have time for during the session. Crucially, try to summarise the information from the class in a few sentences noting the key points and relevant connections to your assignment. This will not only help you to process your new knowledge but also acts as a great summary box for when you come to revise your notes – you won’t need to read back through all the information, just focus on your own summary.
How you store and organise your notes can also play a role in deciding on your method for note-taking. Using electronic methods can save space and paper but may not be as flexible for recording information as a notebook or loose-leaf paper. Whichever your preferred method, create a system for clearly labelling and storing your notes in appropriate folders whether virtual or on your shelf at home. You will need to refer to them again so make sure you can easily find what you are looking for.
During your time studying at CCCU, you will experience various different teaching methods. Some of these may be new to you. The different types of class are intended to help you maximise your learning. You will find that there is a different mix of classes for each module and subject, to help you learn in the most appropriate ways. Here are some of the most common types of taught session.
Lectures are the type of class most often associated with universities. This is where the big ideas, theories and facts are presented and discussed.
In a lecture, you will normally be seated in rows facing the front of the room. Often (but not always), this then means that the lecturer does the majority of the talking. However, you should expect there to be times when you will be encouraged to discuss with people around you and ask or answer questions. Lectures at CCCU are not passive.
On some modules, you might have the same lecturer every week, but many modules will be taught by a team with different specialisms or will involve some guest lecturers, either from the wider university community or further afield.
Lectures do not and cannot cover every aspect of a topic. There may be guidance for follow-up reading in your module reading list, or you may be expected to work independently to explore the lecture topics in greater depth.
To get the most out of lectures:
Keep your notes simple: don’t try to write everything down. Many lectures are recorded – if they are, you can go back later to make any more detailed notes that you need.
Be an active participant. Think about the content of the lecture and how it connects with or challenges what you already know. If there are opportunities for discussion, make sure you take part and learn from your peers.
Don’t be afraid to ask questions. In some lectures, you can ask questions at any time, while in others there may be specific times set aside for questions. Make sure you use the opportunity! You probably aren’t the only person wondering about the same thing. And if you don’t ask your questions, you might never find out the answers.
Seminars are discussion-based classes, often with smaller groups than in lectures. You will usually have the same member of staff leading each seminar for a module and be with the same group of students. Often, seminars will build on a lecture from earlier in the week. Seminars are interactive sessions where everyone in the room learns with and from each other.
To get the most out of seminars:
Do the work! If there are any preparatory readings or activities, do your best to complete them. Seminar discussions are often based on this pre-session work, so you will get much more out of the session if you have come prepared.
Get involved. Listen to what everyone says, not just the seminar leader. Sharing your thoughts is good, but a good discussion requires everyone to listen to one another, so that ideas can build on each other.
Disagree well. Often, there is not a right or wrong answer to the questions or issues you are discussing. You are likely to be encouraged to question your own ideas and other people’s ideas, but this should always be done with respect. If you disagree with something, find a way to explain why you disagree and to have an open debate rather than a hostile argument.
Workshops, labs and practicals are active sessions where you will apply your skills and knowledge. This might involve carrying out tests and experiments, or practising skills in areas such as nursing or theatre.
Arriving on time and doing preparatory work are important for all types of session, but are most vital for practical classes. If you skip the preparatory work, you may not understand what you are doing. And late arrival to a lab or practical is particularly disruptive to both your own learning and everyone else in the group. In some cases, it may not be possible to catch you up on what you have missed.
Some practical sessions are highly structured with set tasks to follow. Others, particularly labs later in your course, will allow you to explore and refine your own research or skills.
To get the most out of workshops, labs and practicals:
Take notes, particularly in labs. Note down exactly what you did and what the results were. This level of detail is often difficult to remember after a session has finished.
Reflect on your learning as soon as possible after the session. What was new or interesting? What did not work well? Are there any skills you need to develop further?
Simulation is exactly what it sounds like. Simulation classes are immersive, presenting real-life scenarios for you to work through and learn from. They may take place in specialist locations – the university has simulated hospital wards, crime scenes and law courts, for example. Other simulations may take place in regular classrooms or using augmented or virtual reality technology.
Due to their immersive nature, simulations may be more emotional than other types of class – support is available, and there will often be a de-brief at the end of the simulation. You may be asked to take on different roles in simulation, but you are not expected to create an award-winning performance – your acting skills are not being tested! The important thing is to immerse yourself in what is happening and learn as much as you can.
To get the most out of simulation:
If there is any pre-session work, make sure you do it. There is rarely time at the start of a simulation session to catch anyone up to speed.
Remember that mistakes are allowed, and that is better to make a mistake in simulation than in practice. Simulation provides a supported environment for learning from mistakes and successes alike.
Reflect on the session. As soon as possible after it ends, think through the scenario and your learning from it. How might this change how you approach similar situations in future?
Your success at university is based upon the values and behaviours you bring as a student. You might not enjoy all your classes, however, how you approach any class will impact your personal learning experience. Attendance, focussing your attention and being an active participant will help you gain the most from your course and university experience.
Written by David Bedford, Claudia España, Ade Olowolayemo and Jodie Calleja
Last updated 2026